Science & Technology Development Journal: Economics- Law & Management

Competitiveness of Vietnam tuna export industry in the European market

Xoan Thi Le — 2024-03-31

Export competitiveness is a relatively late research topic, but there has been a rapid increase in the number of studies in the last three decades. To date, this topic is not only a concern of researchers but also businesses, manufacturing industries, and countries, especially policymakers. In this study, we evaluate Vietnam's tuna export competitiveness in the European market through industry competitiveness indicators, including manifest comparative advantage (RCA), export market share (MS), and export price. In addition, the gravity model is used to determine the factors determining the competitiveness of Vietnam's tuna export industry in this market. The research results show that the competitiveness of Vietnamese tuna in the European market is quite high and tends to increase but is still much weaker than leading competitors such as Thailand, Ecuador, and Spain. The deciding factor for competitiveness is the large amount of domestically exploited tuna. Although the product quality is still low compared to major competitors in the market, it has improved rapidly in recent years. In addition, the suitability of tuna products exported from Vietnam to the import market and exchange rate fluctuations favorable to exports are other competitive advantages, among them, the exchange rate is the biggest decisive role. On the contrary, import taxes are the biggest barrier that reduces competitiveness in this market. To improve competitiveness and move towards sustainable development of the tuna export industry, Vietnam needs to make great efforts, especially strictly controlling domestic tuna resources, avoiding overexploitation, and focusing on improving high product quality. Furthermore, Vietnam needs to focus on meeting the commitment conditions in signed free trade agreements, actively research the market, focus on trade promotion policies, and strengthen trade connections with other import countries.

The impact of e-service quality on customer satisfaction and trust in online shopping – A case study of the generation Z

Nam Danh Nguyen — 2024-03-31

The aim of this study is to explore the impact of e-service quality dimensions on satisfaction and trust of generation Z customers at the e-commerce businesses in Vietnam – an emerging economy in Southeast Asia. Data from the online survey of 428 Vietnamese online customers were used to test the research model using PLS-SEM analysis techniques. The study results show that the four dimensions of the E-S-QUAL scale contain efficiency, system availability, fulfilment, and privacy and two dimensions of the E-RecS-QUAL scale include responsiveness, compensation has a positive impact on customer satisfaction, except that the “contact” dimension does not find any link to customer satisfaction. In addition, the study results also revealed that customer satisfaction has a positive effect on their trust in the online shopping. The findings of this study are useful for helping managers of e-commerce businesses in Vietnam improve customer satisfaction and upgrade their trust in online shopping through dimensions of e-service quality.

Employees' feelings of mobbing and intention to sabotage information technology organizations

Ngô Linh Ly — 2024-03-31

Information technology (IT) companies play a pivotal role in modern life, offering solutions and services encompassing computers, software, networks, security, storage, and data processing. However, due to the unique characteristics of their work environment, these companies constantly grapple with risks stemming not only from external threats but also from within their own organizations. Particularly concerning for IT organizations is the specter of employee sabotage due to its detrimental impact on workplace atmosphere, competitiveness, organizational stability, and overall growth. This study conducted a survey involving 400 employees working within the IT sector in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. The research findings show a positive correlation between workplace mobbing experiences and employees' cynicism toward their organization, comprising cognitive cynicism, affective cynicism, and behavioral cynicism. Likewise, heightened cynicism toward the organization significantly amplifies employees' intentions to engage in sabotage. Specifically, the results of this study shed light on two critical aspects: (1) the direct link between feelings of mobbing and sabotage intentions and (2) the mediating role played by organizational cynicism attitudes in the relationship between workplace mobbing experiences and the intention to sabotage. These findings have made a significant contribution to both theory and practical management.

Exploring tourist animosity and its influence on destination choices in the post-covid 19 eras: A study of Vietnamese independent travelers

Vu Hung Dang — 2024-03-31

Previous studies on consumer animosity have traditionally focused on the relationship between a single home country and a specific target country. This limited approach implies that animosity is contingent upon the unique dynamics between these two countries. However, this study seeks to broaden the conceptualization of consumer animosity by exploring its applicability to a pandemic health crisis, an area that has not been previously examined. While consumer animosity has been studied in economic, political, cultural, and religious contexts, its relevance within the context of a health crisis has not been thoroughly investigated. This study is to investigate tourist animosity towards different countries and its impact on the decision-making process for choosing a tourist destination, before and after a holiday. This study’s primary objectives were successfully accomplished through a comprehensive analysis, which entailed thoroughly examining and interpreting qualitative data procured from a total of seventeen semi-structured interviews conducted with meticulous care and attention to detail. The findings reveal that tourist animosities, including general animosity, war hartred, the threat of pandemics, and countries' policies regarding the COVID-19 pandemic, have a negative influence on tourists' intentions to visit, intentions to revisit, and their likelihood to spread positive word-of-mouth. The study also highlights that tourists frequently rely on online sources, such as government websites, to access tourism information and review countries' travel policies, even in the post-COVID-19 era. This research contributes to the understanding of the consumer animosity construct, which has been previously explored in the realms of economics, politics, culture, and religion but has not been applied to a pandemic health crisis before. Furthermore, the study investigates universal animosity, which encompasses animosity directed towards various countries and extends beyond country-specific causes, offering practical implications for the tourism industry in the post-pandemic era.

Personalized advertising on the Tiktok platform and consumer purchase intention

Nhung Thi Cam Trinh — 2024-03-31

Along with the strong development of e-commerce all around the world, Vietnam is considered to be one of the fastest-growing markets in Southeast Asia. Vietnamese companies use the TikTok platform, a popular and widely used platform here, as an effective marketing channel with an extremely low cost. Through this study, the author examines the relationship between the perception of personalization in advertising and the purchase intention of customers, considering additional aspects of advertising value and users' attitudes towards advertising and brands. The author used the PLS-SEM model to analyze 295 samples collected from the actual survey. The outcomes of this study indicate that personalization perceived by customers can increase their positive attitudes toward that advertisement, either directly or by increasing the value of the advertisement. This will have a significant positive impact on customers' attitudes towards the brand, thereby forming their intention to purchase the advertised product. From the obtained results, the author draws conclusions and proposes managerial implications in order to contribute to improving the effectiveness of companies’ marketing strategies on the TikTok platform in Vietnam.

Towards to sustainable corporate performance through circular economy practices and corporate social responsibility in Vietnam

Thanh Tiep Le — 2024-03-31

Modern technology has made it impossible to run a sustainably oriented business, particularly for small-to-medium enterprises (SMEs). The study examines the mediating role of eco-innovation (ECI) and green supply chain management (GSCM) in the food industry context in a developing country to inspect the nexus between corporate social responsibility ̣(CSR), circular economy practices (CEP) and sustainable corporate performance for SMEs. Smart PLS (version 4.0) structural method modeling (SEM) and quantitative methods were used to analyze 408 respondents collected from mid- to high-level managers in Vietnamese companies that work in the food industry. Results show that GSCM and ECI affect the sustainability of corporate performance. Furthermore, the research suggests that organizations and governments could promote ECI and GSCM in order to enhance CEP-SCP and CSR-SCP relationships. The study proposes some interesting implications that could assist high-level managers in an organization to attain sustainable performance. This study is significant because it highlights how CEP and CSR in GSCM and ECI might contribute to sustainability. Consequently, it encourages SMEs to implement operational and strategic reforms that have a major positive influence on the environment, society, and economy.

The impact of board size and independence on trade receivables in Vietnam

Nguyễn Thanh Liêm — 2024-03-31

Trade credit plays a significant role in firm performance, and proper corporate governance can help manage trade credit in the best interest of shareholders. Given the nature of high levels of information asymmetry and inadequate institutional quality in developing countries, the role of corporate governance linked to board characteristics is highly relevant in determining the level of trade credit granted. Even though trade credit might help firms win customers, excessive trade credit extension puts the firms at risk of working capital being abused by purchasers, and low liquidity which hampers smooth operations or even bankruptcy. In a developing country like Vietnam, it is likely that boards can act as a deterrence to business practices that are harmful to corporate performance. This research paper investigates the relationship between two board characteristics and trade receivables in Vietnam using data from 2010 to 2022. The research utilizes conventional panel data estimators, including the random effects model and the System Generalized Method of Moments. We find that board size tends to reduce trade receivables, implying that larger boards prevent firms from extending much trade credit which could lead to increased implicit costs and hamper firms’ liquidity. This result implies that firms benefit more from larger boards, rather than encounter troublesome coordination caused by more crowded boards. However, board independence is insignificantly associated with trade credit extension, suggesting that this factor does not help curb trade credit extension. This result negates the view that firms benefit more from independent directors and that independent directors do not necessarily enhance corporate governance in Vietnam. Based on these results, the research offers implications for the directors monitoring role and strategy management especially in a developing country.

The impact of perceived value on customer satisfaction and brand loyalty: Research domestic coffee chains in Ho Chi Minh City

Ha Thai Nguyen — 2024-03-31

Brand loyalty is a factor that business units want to have, it shows consumers' commitment and preference for a brand compared to the brands of competitors. The impact of perceived value on customer satisfaction and brand loyalty is very important for business units operating in today's globally competitive context. By clarifying these influences, marketers can devise strategies to enhance customer satisfaction and brand loyalty from an understanding of perceived value. The objective of this research is to examine the impact of perceived value on customer satisfaction and brand loyalty for domestic coffee shop chains in Ho Chi Minh City, subsequently, suggesting some recommendations to increase satisfaction and brand loyalty for domestic coffee shop chains in this market. The research was conducted through the following stages: (i) Qualitative research using in-depth interviews and group discussions; (ii) Extensive research with 285 valid interviews; (iii) Formal research with 1,000 valid interviews, using a Likert scale with five points ranging from "Strongly disagree" to "Strongly agree" and collected data processed with Smart software PLS 3.0 with PLS-SEM technique.

Intention to use mobile health applications of people in Ho Chi Minh City: Integrating Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology and Protection Motivation Theory

Nguyen Viet Bang — 2024-03-31

In recent years, mobile technology has been rapidly developing, and the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic has created opportunities for technology applications in the healthcare field. Mobile healthcare applications have become increasingly popular. This study aims to identify the factors influencing users' intention to use mobile healthcare applications in Ho Chi Minh City and propose managerial implications. This study followed quantitative research method. Data collected through a survey of 311 people in Ho Chi Minh City who know about mobile health applications. Convenient sampling was employed by sending online questionnaires to users through convenient media channels to collect data. To analyze this data, the solution used the PLS-SEM method. The research results showed that performance expectancy (PE), social influence (SI), perceived health severity (PHS), and self-efficacy (SE) positively influence the intention to use mobile healthcare applications. In addition, self-efficacy (SE) positively affects performance expectancy (PE) and effort expectancy (EE). However, effort expectancy (EE) and facilitating conditions (FC) do not significantly influence the intention to use mobile health applications in Ho Chi Minh City. Theoretically, the authors have empirically validated the evidence in the context of a new study by combining protection motivation theory (PMT) and the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT). In terms of practical implications, the study provides some useful tips to help managers enhance the intention to use mobile healthcare applications.

The overdue debt interest rate for late payment: From the precedent 09/2016/AL

Hien Thuc Trinh — 2024-03-31

This essay analyzes the application of overdue debt interest rates on late payment, focusing on Precedent 09/2016/AL, Resolution No. 01/2019/NQ-HDTP, and subsequent court opinions interpreting them to access the appropriateness of "Legal Situation 1" and "Legal Solution 1" of the Precedent 09/2016/AL. Precedent 09/2016/AL commendably expands the scope of Article 306 of the 2015 Law on Commerce, applying it to a wider range of late payments than just purchase prices or service fees. However, the precedent's reliance on the average market rate for calculating interest collides with the specific regulations outlined in Resolution No. 01/2019/NQ-HĐTP. Crucially, we argue that Precedent 09/2016/AL's narrower interpretation compared to the original court opinion it draws from creates an unnecessary limitation. Therefore, we advocate for a broader application of Precedent 09/2016/AL, extending Article 306's reach to encompass all late payments, not just those related to payment of the purchase price or service fee. The interest rate calculation, meanwhile, would be guided by Resolution No. 01/2019/NQ-HDTP unless stipulated otherwise through the parties’ agreement. Importantly, this constructive rate should not serve as a ceiling for any interest rate negotiations between parties.

Explore the intention to use environmental friendly products of young people in Ho Chi Minh City through expanding the theory of planned behavior

Chi Le Hoang — 2024-03-31

Environmental sustainability is one of the key factors for socio-economic preservation and development. This depends a lot on consumer behavior in modern society. The main purpose of the research is to explore the factors that influence the consumption behavior of environmentally friendly products among young people. This study has expanded the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) by two antecedent factors determining consumer attitudes toward environmentally friendly products: green perceived value and environmental knowledge. Empirical research was conducted on young people (gen Z) to gain a better understanding of their green consumption behavioral intentions. Qualitative research methods have proposed theoretical models, corrected scales and quantitative research have provided to test measurement models and theoretical models. The findings show that the green perceived value scale is a multidimensional scale and the scales in the research model are confirmed to be valid and have high measurement reliability. Besides, testing the research model using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) also confirmed that the two expanded factors of the TPB model (green perceived value and environmental knowledge) have a positive impact on green consumption attitude and green consumption attitude is also the factor that has the strongest impact on young people's green consumption intention. In addition, the factors subjective norm and perceived behavioral control are also confirmed to have a positive impact on green consumption intention.

Studying the impact of management activities on performance: Evidence from Chemical - Pharmaceutical industry companies listed on the stock exchange in Vietnam

Vắng Quang Đàng — 2024-03-31

The study aims to evaluate the impact of management activities on the performance of companies. Data was collected and compiled from 273 financial reports from 21 companies in the chemistry-pharmacy field. Operational efficiency within the scope of this research is considered in terms of business efficiency. It is measured from two perspectives: the first, the perspective of shareholders - investors who contribute capital and use capital. The Tobin'Q coefficient is utilized to assess operating outcomes based on market value. In the second perspective, profits are accounted for and the indicators ROA, ROE, ROS, and ROCE are used to assess historical business success of organizations. The findings of the research indicate that the factors Debt/Equity Ratio, Financial Leverage and Number of Board of Directors meetings negatively affect the performance of companies operating in production and business activities. In the chemical-pharmaceutical industry, in the short term, but in the long term, these factors have the opposite effect. Variables such as: Seniority of operation; Labor scale; Director gender; The gender of the chief accountant and concurrent director positively affect the company's performance. From the research results, the authors proposed three groups of solutions: (1) a financial solution group; (2) a non-financial solution group, and (3) a management solution group to improve operational efficiency for companies in the chemistry-pharmacy industry.

The trend of economic structural transformation in Vietnam during the 2010 - 2022 period

Hương Thị Mai Lê — 2024-03-31

This article is based on secondary data from the General Statistics Office and the World Bank. Using criteria to assess economic structural transformation, the article aims to evaluate the trend of economic structural transformation in Vietnam in recent years. The research results indicate that since 2010, the economic sector has shifted from a significant reliance on agriculture, forestry, and fisheries to an increasing share of industry, construction, and service sectors in the country's GDP structure. Labor in various economic sectors has shown a shift with a decreasing proportion in the agricultural, forestry, and fisheries sectors and an increasing proportion in the industry, construction, and service sectors. Vietnam's export product structure has also positively shifted, with a reduced proportion of agricultural and forestry products and an increased share of industrial processing, manufacturing, and services. The industrial and construction sectors have the highest labor productivity among the three economic regions, while the agricultural, forestry, and fisheries sectors have the lowest labor productivity. Alongside the achievements, the process of economic structural transformation in Vietnam still faces various difficulties and certain limitations. Based on these findings, the article proposes some recommendations for a more rational and sustainable transformation of the country’s economic sector.